In my last post on mobile phone-based health games, I gave you an overview of Mindless Eating Challenge, a game by Cornell University Food and Brand Lab, funded in part by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation as part of their health games research initiative.  As I had hoped, I was able to interview JP Pollak, doctoral candidate and lead researcher for the project.  JP gave healthGAMERS an inside look at this amazing project designed to teach middle school children about healthy eating through care of a virtual mobile pet or plant.

The interview.

HG: Why did you choose the book Mindless Eating to create a mobile game?  Who came up with the idea?

JP: The Cornell University Food and Brand Lab, directed by Dr. Brian Wansink has done some amazing academic work on this subject, and the popularized book Mindless Eating has received much well-deserved recognition.  Brian approached us (the Human-Computer Interaction Lab, directed by my advisor, Dr. Geri Gay) looking for a way to reach more people with the Mindless Eating message and the Challenge.  Basically, they have lots of great findings, and many people have had good results when participating, but they felt they could reach more people through technology and a more interactive medium.

After exploring many possibilities, we decided to target kids and make a game out of it.  Of course, the emphasis of our lab’s work is mobile technology, so the fact that it was going to be a mobile phone game was a given.  Then it was just a matter of taking a good look at existing research and games and seeing what worked. Virtual pets have been extremely popular (Tamagotchi, Nintendogs, etc.), and there is actually a fair amount of literature suggesting pet/ plant care can be used to encourage or reinforce behaviors.

HG: What aspects of the book were incorporated into the game?

JP: We use the eating tips from the book and from the Food and Brand Lab’s research as the healthy eating prompts for the game.  There are specific tips for snacks and for each meal and they vary based on the persons goals (losing weight, eating healthier, etc.).

HG: Is Mindless Eating Challenge specifically an iPhone app or is it a general mobile application?

JP: We have a J2ME version, a mobile-optimized web app, and there is an iPhone app currently in development.  Each has pros and cons.

HG: Was program design done in-house?

JP: All of the design was done in house.  The pets and graphics as well as some of the early coding was done by Sara Lin, a fantastic student working in our lab who has since graduated.

HG: What are the major goals of the project?

JP: The goals are two-fold.  First, we want to do good and improve health outcomes for kids.  The game is designed as a persuasive technology that we hope will improve eating behaviors in kids while they eat, and ultimately improve their awareness of what their eating and their self efficacy around eating.

Second, we’re an academic lab, so we’re interested in what we can learn from the game.  For example, what are the underlying mechanisms of gameplay that can be used to change behavior?  How does social influence play a role in behavior change?  These are questions that have been answered in other domains but haven’t been adequately addressed in terms of persuasive technology and health games.  Better understanding of these issues should inform the development of future health games that can be even more effective.  Addressing some of these questions is also the goal of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Pioneer Program grant we received to support our work on the game.

HG: What health results do you hope to see in players who use Mindless Eating Challenge?

JP: We hope players diets improve, that they become more aware of what they are eating and what they should (or shouldn’t) be eating, and that we can improve their confidence that they can make a positive change in their eating behavior.  We completed a study with 70 middle school students in upstate New York this spring and are currently working on getting the findings published.  We think they support some of our goals quite nicely.

HG: Will this game ever be made available for public consumption?  If yes, when should we expect the launch?

JP: This is a goal of ours.  We need to first answer a few more research questions and address some scalability issues, so unfortunately it’s hard to say when this will be available to the public.

Closing remarks.

I hope JP is correct about the possibility of Mindless Eating Challenge being made available to the public.  I think the market, especially the iPhone App market, is ready for a mobile health game.  We look forward to the results of the study!  For more information on Mindless Eating Challenge, visit the following resources:

• Kotaku article “Grants Awarded For Inspiring Health Games Research”
• Cornell University Food and Brand Lab
• Human-Computer Interaction Lab at Cornell University
• Mobile Eating Game Challenge summary page

For a long time I’ve wanted to do a post all about mobile phone-based health games.  After all, visit the iPhone App store and you’re bombarded with thousands of choices.  From the complete works of Plato to real estate prices, there’s a little (or a lot) for everyone.  In the healthcare & fitness and medical sections alone, users have 2140+ apps to choose from.  But are there any health games in the app store yet?  Not really.  These are as close to health games as I could find:

• Nike Training Club – Create an avatar, customize your workout, learn new drills, compete with friends.
• Are You Smarter than Your Doctor? – Quiz game that allows you to compete with friends or one-on-one with your doc to show him/her that you know much more than they do.  A fun way to educate patients with questions based on questions posed by real licensed doctors.

But are these the only health game apps?

I decided to take my question to a higher authority–Google.  The result?  Mindless Eating Challenge from the folks at Cornell University’s Food and Brand Lab.  Based on the book by Dr. Brian Wansink of the same name, Mindless Eating Challenge is a mobile phone-based health game in which players are tasked with caring for a virtual pet, similar to a Tamgotchi.  The player must follow a variety of health and eating recommendations and verify their actions with photos taken from their phone’s camera.  Here is a example of what to expect from gameplay:

For example, the recommendation “Eat a hot breakfast” would require the player to submit a photo of him/ herself eating a bowl of oatmeal.  Photos and compliance are then judged either by judges or peers.  Based on compliance to these recommendations, the pet or plant changes its appearance and gains features or accessories–a tree might grow taller or grow more leaves or fruit in response.  Alternatively, leaves might fall off if the players performance is poor.  A social portion of the game allows the user to see various depictions of their performance in comparison to the performance of others in their group, as well as of their group in comparison to other groups.  The game is designed so that various features can be easily enabled and disabled so it can be used as a platform from which to conduct research into the mechanisms of mobile persuasion in the context of improving health and well-being.

I spoke briefly with JP Pollak, PhD candidate and participant on the project. He and his team are in the process of submitting findings for publication on their first full study using 70 middle schoolers.  Hopefully we’ll get more details on that soon.